译林牛津版必修 5 Unit 3 Science versus nature 单词详解

1. versus=VS 与……相对
2. announcement  n.
  announce  v. 宣布，宣称，通知
  announce sth to sb.  向某人宣告某事
  announce that……
  It is announced that…… 据宣布……
Eg. Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow.
   A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.
3. on (the) one hand; on the other hand
  Eg. On one hand, rapid development of the economy will improve the living conditions of the people; on the other hand, it will speed up environmental destruction.
   by hand  手工的
   at hand  在附近，在手头，即将发生
   hand in hand    手拉手
   in one’s hand= in the hand of sb.   在某人的控制/照料下
4. point out    指出
  point at    指着，指向
Eg. He pointed out my mistake to me.
   He pointed out that the project lacked one important thing.
   It’s rude to point at people.
5. interfere in /with sth.  对……干涉，干扰
  Interfere with……  (对工作等)成为阻碍，形成妨碍
Eg. Don’t interfere in other people’s affairs.
   My father always interferes with me.
   The noise of traffic interfered with my sleep.
6. praise sb. for (doing) sth.
  be in praise of …… 极力赞美，称赞……
  sing the praises of ……歌颂……
  deserve/be worthy of praise   值得称赞
  beyond all praises  赞不绝口
7. breakthrough   n. 突破
  break through  突破
  break down   故障；溃败；身体出毛病，（健康）衰弱
  break into  强行进入
  break in   强行闯入，打岔
  break out   爆发（无被动）
  break up  击碎，（关系）毁坏；结束，分手；解散
  break away (from)  从……逃走；与……断绝关系
8. intention   n. 意图，目的；企图
  eg. She went to Paris with the intention of learning French.
     Without intention    无意地，非故意地
intend    v.
intend to do sth.
intend sb. to do sth. 打算某人做……
intend that……
eg. He intends to study abroad next year.
   He intends his son to manage his company.
   They intend that the plan should be put into practice within the year.
be intended for/as……
These dictionaries are intended for children.
9. anxiety   n. 忧虑，焦虑；渴望
Eg. I felt anxiety for/about his safety when I heard the news of the train accident.
 anxiety for knowledge  求知欲
 His anxiety for success/to succeed in life led him to work hard.
 with anxiety    adv.焦虑地
 in anxiety      adj/adv.  担忧着
anxious   adj.忧虑的，渴望的
eg. an anxious look
 She is still absent. I am anxious about/for her.
 We are anxious for your safe return.
 He is anxious to see her.
 Be anxious for sb. to do    渴望某人做……
 Be anxious that ……
10. desperate    adj. 不顾一切的，亡命的；几乎没有希望的；很渴望的
Eg. The desperate thief shot at the policeman.
 make desperate efforts to do  拼命努力要做……
 Her illness is desperate, but not hopeless.
 He was desperate for fame.
 He is desperate to pass en entrance exam
11. adopt   vt. 收养，领养；采纳，接受
 adopt a child
 adopt a piece of advice
12. ahead   adv. 往前，向前
   push ahead with……
   go ahead
   ahead of time
13. deliver    vt. 生产（婴儿）；接生；递送
Eg. The doctor managed to deliver the triplet(三胞胎) safely.
   She was delivered of/gave birth to a healthy baby.
   deliver the mail/newspapers
14. succeed in doing sth
   be successful in doing sth.
   success   n.
15. benefit   vt. 有利于，使……受益
   benefit from……从……中获益
Eg. The speech benefited us enormously. 受益匪浅
   I benefited enormously from my father’s advice.
n. 利益，好处
be of benefit to sb./sth  对……有裨益= be beneficial to sb./sth.
for the benefit of ……(one’s health) 为了……（的利益）
16. immoral   adj. 不道德的
   moral   adj. 道德的
   morality   n. 道德
17. consequence    n. 结果，后果
  in consequence = as a result   adv. 结果
  in/as a consequence of …… 由于……， 因……的结果=as a result of ……
18. end up doing sth.   以做……结束/告终
   end up with sth.   以……（方式）为结束
   end up in sth/failure   以……为结局
19. for sale    供出售，待销售
   on sale    adj. 出售，上市
20. use up  用完，耗尽；筋疲力尽（通常用被动）
  Sb. use up sth = sth be used up
Eg. He has used up all his money.
   The soldiers were used up after the long battle.
21. comment  vi/n
   comment on sth
   make a comment/comments on sth
22. advance   n. 进行，前进   vi/vt
   stop the enemy’s advance
   the advance of technoloty    科学技术的进步
   make great advances in sth.   在……方面取得很大进步
   in advance     预先，事先
   in advance of……  比……进步/前进
   advanced   adj.  先进的，高级的
24. be strict with sb.
   be strict in sth.
25. the other day   几天前，那天
   one day  (过去、未来的)某一天
   some day   (未来的)有一天，总有一天
26. behave   vi. 举止，行为表现
   behave well/badly    表现好/坏
   behavior   n. 表现，行为举止
27. judgement=judgment   n. 判断
   judge    v. 判断，评审    n. 法官，裁判
   Judging from……  由……判断
Eg. Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.
   make a judgement on ……  对……下判断
   in my judgement   依我看来
28. involve   vt. 涉及
   be involved in ……  某人被卷入……中，参与，加入
 eg. Don’t involve me in your quarrel.
Some young people were involved in the case.
29. cost   n. 成本，代价，费用
         v. 花费
  sth. cost sb. money
eg. It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car.
   Such a difficult job costs a lot of time and effort.
   This jacket cost 200 dollars.
   the cost of ……  ……的费用，花费
   at the cost of ……   以……为代价
   at all costs= at any cost  不惜代价，无论如何
30. on one’s part = on the part of sb. 在某人方面，就某人而言
Eg. There must be some misunderstanding on her part.
31. conclude   vi/vt.  总结，下结论；结束
Eg. conclude the meeting
   The book concluded with a happy ending.
   The police concluded that he was the criminal of the murder.
n. conclusion  结论
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion
bring……to a conclusion
32. urge   vt. 敦促，催促，力劝
   urge sb. to do sth   力劝某人做……
   urge sth on sb.    (对人)力言，主张……
   urge that ……  主张……
 eg. They urged me to eat the strange food.
He urged on me the necessity of patience.
She urged that I (should) apologize to him.
n. 迫切要求，强烈欲望
an/the urge to do……  (想做……的)强烈冲动
He felt a sudden urge to write a novel.
33. seek (sought, sought) 征求，寻求；探索，探寻
Eg. He sought his doctor’s advice.
   They sought shelter from the rain.
   We must seek (for) a solution to the problem.
34. perform  vt. 实施，执行；表演，演出
Eg. When will the play be performed?
   perform a dangerous operation
   perform one’s promise
35. be resistant to sth.  对……有抵抗力的
   The seedlings are resistant to cold weather.
36. limit  vt. 限制
Eg. Japan limits the import of oranges.
My mother limited us to one cake each.
 n. 界限，限制，限度
eg. There is a limit to what I can do for you.
   a speed limit of 30 miles per hour
37. argue     v. 争辩
   argue with sb. about sth.   和……争辩某事
   argue for/against……  为支持/反对……而辩护
  n. argument
38. spell   vt. 意味着，招致
Loss of health spelled unemployment.
39. turn out  结果是，结果证明
   turn out to do/that……从句/ (to be) adj./adv.
eg. Everything turned out well.
   The rumor turned out (to be) true.
   It turned out (that) two travelers had been killed.